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Neco livestock Farming Answers (Objectives and Essay
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Thursday, 23rd July 2026
Livestock Farming 3 & 1 (Objective & Essay) 2:00pm – 3:30pm
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LIVESTOCK FARMING OBJ:
1-10: CAECEEEABA
11-20: DEBCDBCCDD
21-30: AEBAEECEEB
31-40: BABEAECAAB
Neco livestock Farming Answers (Objectives and Essay
(1a)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) It serves as a temporary storage chamber for ingested feed.
(ii) It is the site of microbial fermentation of fibrous feeds such as cellulose.
(iii) It mixes and softens feed before further digestion.
(iv) It forms cud for regurgitation and rumination.
(v) It absorbs volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced during fermentation.
(vi) It absorbs some water and mineral salts.
(vii) It provides a suitable environment for microorganisms to synthesize B-complex vitamins and vitamin K.
(viii) It helps in the breakdown of complex carbohydrates into simpler substances.
(1b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Enlargement and filling of the udder with milk.
(ii) Swollen and enlarged vulva.
(iii) Clear mucus discharge from the vulva.
(iv) Restlessness and frequent lying down and standing up.
(v) Isolation from the flock.
(vi) Loss of appetite or reduced feed intake.
(vii) Frequent bleating.
(viii) Relaxation of the pelvic ligaments and sunken appearance around the tail head
(1c)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation and returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium, while systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to all parts of the body and returns deoxygenated blood to the right atrium.
OR
Pulmonary circulation is mainly concerned with oxygenating the blood and removing carbon dioxide, while systemic circulation is mainly concerned with supplying oxygen and nutrients to body tissues and removing metabolic wastes.
Neco livestock Farming Answers (Objectives and Essay
(2a)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) It makes disease control easier.
(ii) Feeding is properly controlled.
(iii) Animals are protected from theft and predators.
(iv) Higher productivity is obtained.
(v) Less land is required.
(vi) Breeding is easier to control.
(vii) Management and record keeping are easier.
(2b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Regular feeding with balanced ration and provision of clean water.
(ii) Vaccination, deworming and control of ectoparasites.
(iii) Castration of male animals not meant for breeding.
(iv) Dehorning or disbudding where necessary.
(v) Identification through ear tagging, branding or tattooing.
(vi) Regular weighing and growth monitoring.
(vii) Proper housing and sanitation.
(viii) Grazing management or rotational grazing.
(ix) Isolation and treatment of sick animals.
(x) Hoof trimming where necessary.
(2c)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Poor transportation system.
(ii) Inadequate storage and refrigeration facilities.
(iii) Poor road network.
(iv) Fluctuation in market prices.
(v) Activities of middlemen, leading to exploitation of producers.
(vi) High cost of transportation.
(vii) Spoilage due to the perishable nature of animal products.
(viii) Poor marketing and distribution channels.
(ix) Inadequate market information.
(x) Low purchasing power of consumers.
Neco livestock Farming Answers (Objectives and Essay
(3a)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) They are rich in essential nutrients.
(ii) They are highly digestible.
(iii) They are fed in small quantities to supplement the basal diet.
(iv) They improve the nutritional value of the ration.
(v) They help to correct nutrient deficiencies.
(vi) They promote rapid growth and productivity.
(vii) They improve milk, meat and egg production.
(3bi)
(3bii)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Prevents overgrazing.
(ii) Allows pasture to rest and regenerate.
(iii) Ensures continuous supply of fresh pasture.
(iv) Reduces the build-up of parasites and diseases.
(v) Improves pasture yield and quality.
(vi) Prevents soil erosion.
(vii) Improves cattle growth and productivity.
Neco livestock Farming Answers (Objectives and Essay
(4a)
(PICK ANY ONE)
A gene is the basic unit of heredity located on a chromosome that controls a particular character or trait, while an allele is one of two or more alternative forms of the same gene that control different expressions of the same trait.
OR
A gene is a segment of DNA responsible for the inheritance of a specific characteristic, while an allele is an alternative form of that gene found at the same position (locus) on homologous chromosomes.
(4b)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Inbreeding depression is the reduction in vigour, fertility, growth rate and productivity of offspring resulting from the continuous mating of closely related animals.
OR
Inbreeding depression is the decline in the performance and overall quality of offspring caused by repeated breeding between genetically related animals, leading to the expression of undesirable recessive genes.
(4c)
Neco livestock Farming Answers (Objectives and Essay
(5a)
(PICK ANY ONE)
Drenching is the administration of a measured dose of liquid medicine orally to farm animals using a drenching gun, drenching bottle or similar equipment to prevent or treat diseases, especially internal parasitic infections.
OR
Drenching is the process of giving liquid medication by mouth to farm animals for the prevention and treatment of internal parasites and other diseases, using an appropriate drenching device.
(5b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Incubation stage.
(ii) Prodromal stage.
(iii) Acute (clinical) stage.
(iv) Declining stage.
(v) Convalescent (recovery) stage.
(vi) Carrier stage.
(5c)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Causes irritation and restlessness in animals.
(ii) Reduces growth rate and weight gain.
(iii) Lowers milk production.
(iv) Causes anaemia due to blood loss.
(v) Damages hides and skins, reducing their market value.
(vi) Reduces egg production in poultry.
(vii) Transmits diseases to farm animals.
(viii) Increases the cost of treatment and control.
(ix) May lead to death in severe infestations.
(x) Reduces the market value of affected animals.