WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers

(1b)
(i) Direction of flow: River Pra flows generally from the North to the South across the mapped area, from higher ground to lower ground towards the coast.

(ii) Dendritic drainage pattern: The river has many tributary streams joining it from both the left and right banks, forming a tree-like (dendritic) pattern.

(iii) Nature of tributary junctions: The tributaries join the main River Pra at acute angles, indicating they are flowing down the slope on homogeneous/homogenous geology.

(iv) Valley and stage of development: Around Twifo-Praso, the river has a wide valley with a floodplain and shows meandering. This shows it is in its mature/old stage with a low gradient, and it is large enough to be crossed by a road bridge and a railway bridge.

(1c)
(i) Larger settlement size: The map shows Twifo-Praso has a much larger built-up area (more black squares/buildings) than Twifo-Mampon, indicating a bigger population.

(ii) Transport junction: Twifo-Praso is located at the junction of several major roads (e.g., the road to Cape Coast and the road northwards) and the railway line passes through it with a station. Twifo-Mampon is served by only a minor road.

(iii) Bridge/ferry point: Twifo-Praso has a bridge over the River Pra (and the railway bridge), making it a major crossing point and linking both sides of the river. Twifo-Mampon has no such bridge.

(iv) Social and administrative amenities: Evidence on the map shows Twifo-Praso has more social amenities such as a market, school(s), hospital/clinic, post office, police station/chief’s palace (district capital functions). Twifo-Mampon has few or none of these, making Twifo-Praso the district capital and service centre for the area.

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WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers

(4a)
An igneous rock is a type of rock formed when molten magma or lava cools and solidifies.

(4b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Hardness: Igneous rocks are generally hard and resistant to scratching and wear.
(ii) Crystalline Structure: They are usually made up of interlocking mineral crystals formed during the cooling and solidification of molten materials.
(iii) Absence of Fossils: Igneous rocks generally do not contain fossils because the intense heat of molten magma destroys organic remains.
(iv) Non-layered Structure: Most igneous rocks do not occur in distinct layers like sedimentary rocks.
(v) Massive Nature: They are generally compact, dense and strong, making many of them resistant to erosion.
(vi) Variable Grain Size: Igneous rocks may have coarse or fine crystals depending on the rate at which the molten material cools.
(vii) Different Colours: They occur in different colours, including black, grey, white, pink and green, depending on their mineral composition.
(viii) Resistance to Weathering: Many igneous rocks, such as granite, are resistant to weathering and erosion because of their hard and compact nature.

(4c)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Construction of Buildings: Igneous rocks such as granite are used as building materials because they are hard, strong and durable.
(ii) Road Construction: Crushed igneous rocks are used as aggregates in road construction and the production of concrete.
(iii) Railway Construction: Crushed granite is used as ballast beneath railway tracks to provide support and stability.
(iv) Production of Decorative Materials: Polished igneous rocks such as granite are used for floor tiles, kitchen countertops, wall coverings and decorative monuments.
(v) Source of Valuable Minerals: Igneous rocks are associated with valuable minerals such as tin, gold, copper and platinum, which can be mined for economic purposes.
(vi) Manufacture of Cement: Certain igneous rocks, such as basalt, can be used as raw materials or additives in cement production, depending on their mineral composition.
(vii) Soil Formation: The weathering of igneous rocks produces soil that can support agriculture. For example, basalt may weather to form fertile soils suitable for crop cultivation.
(viii) Production of Statues and Monuments: Durable igneous rocks such as granite are used for carving statues, constructing monuments and making gravestones because they can withstand weathering for a long time.

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WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers

 

(5a)

=CHARACTERISTICS OF A WATERFALL=

(i) It has a steep drop in the river bed.

(ii) It is formed where there is a difference in the hardness of the underlying rocks.

(iii) It is usually associated with a gorge, plunge pool and a river channel.

(iv) It is a result of vertical erosion, mainly by the force of falling water.

(v) It is often found in areas of high relief, such as mountains and plateaus.

(vi) It is a dynamic feature, constantly changing in size and shape due to ongoing erosion.

 

=MODE OF FORMATION=

(i) A river flows over a band of resistant rock (e.g. basalt) that overlies a softer rock (e.g. sandstone or shale).

(ii) The softer rock is eroded more quickly, creating an undercut at the base of the resistant rock.

(iii) The overhanging rock collapses, and the waterfall retreats upstream.

(iv) The process continues, resulting in a steep drop, a plunge pool and a gorge.

 

(5b)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Generation of Hydroelectric Power: Waterfalls provide water that can be used to generate electricity for domestic and industrial purposes.

(ii) Source of Fresh Water: Water from waterfalls can be used for drinking, cooking, washing and other domestic activities after appropriate treatment.

(iii) Tourism and Recreation: Waterfalls attract tourists for sightseeing, photography, picnics and other recreational activities, thereby generating income.

(iv) Development of Industries: Water from waterfalls can be used by industries for manufacturing, processing and other industrial activities.

(v) Irrigation: Water from waterfalls and their associated rivers can be used to irrigate farmland, especially during the dry season.

(vi) Fishing: The pools and rivers associated with waterfalls may support fish and other aquatic organisms, providing food and income for local communities.

(vii) Source of Minerals: Water flowing over rocks may help to concentrate certain minerals in river deposits, which can be exploited for economic purposes.

(viii) Cultural and Spiritual Importance: Some waterfalls are regarded as sacred places and are used for traditional ceremonies and cultural activities by local communities.

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WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers

(7a)
A residual mountain is a mountain formed when surrounding softer rocks are worn away by agents of denudation, such as wind, running water and ice, leaving behind the harder and more resistant rocks standing above the surrounding landscape.

(7bi)
=Tectonic Plateau=
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Great Elevation: A tectonic plateau is an extensive area of high land that rises considerably above the surrounding areas.
(ii) Flat or Gently Sloping Surface: It has a relatively flat or gently undulating top, although some parts may be rugged.
(iii) Large Surface Area: It covers a wide area of land and may extend over hundreds or thousands of square kilometres.
(iv) Steep Sides: Many tectonic plateaus have steep slopes or escarpments separating them from the surrounding lowlands.
(v) Formation by Earth Movements: It is formed mainly through tectonic processes such as uplift, faulting and the movement of the Earth’s crust.
(vi) Presence of Rivers: Rivers may flow across the plateau and cut deep valleys and gorges into its surface.
(vii) Variation in Climate: The climate may differ from that of the surrounding lowlands because temperature generally decreases with increasing altitude.
(viii) Mineral Resources: Some tectonic plateaus contain valuable mineral deposits, making them important areas for mining and other economic activities.

(7bii)
=Structural Plain=
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Low Elevation: A structural plain is generally a broad area of low-lying or relatively level land.
(ii) Flat Surface: It has a flat or gently undulating surface with little variation in elevation.
(iii) Horizontal Rock Layers: The underlying rocks are usually arranged in nearly horizontal layers.
(iv) Extensive Area: It covers a large area and may extend over hundreds or thousands of square kilometres.
(v) Formation by Earth Movements: It develops in areas where rock layers remain relatively undisturbed by major folding or faulting, although tectonic movements may influence its elevation.
(vi) Presence of Sedimentary Rocks: Many structural plains are underlain by sedimentary rocks such as sandstone, shale and limestone.
(vii) Suitable for Agriculture: The relatively flat surface makes mechanised farming easier, especially where fertile soils and adequate water are available.
(viii) Ease of Transportation: The level terrain favours the construction of roads, railways, settlements and other infrastructure

(7biii)
=Volcanic Mountain=
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Great Height: Volcanic mountains may rise to considerable heights above the surrounding land.
(ii) Cone-shaped Appearance: Many volcanic mountains have a cone-shaped structure, although some have broad, gently sloping sides.
(iii) Presence of a Crater: Many volcanic mountains have a crater or depression at or near the summit through which volcanic materials may escape.
(iv) Formation from Volcanic Materials: They are formed by the accumulation of lava, ash, cinders and other volcanic materials around a volcanic vent.
(v) Steep Slopes: Many volcanic mountains have steep slopes, particularly those formed from the accumulation of thick lava and other volcanic materials.
(vi) Presence of Igneous Rocks: They consist mainly of igneous rocks formed when magma or lava cools and solidifies.
(vii) Fertile Volcanic Soils: Weathering of volcanic materials may produce fertile soils that support agriculture.
(viii) Possibility of Volcanic Eruptions: Active volcanic mountains may experience eruptions that release lava, ash, gases and other materials, potentially causing destruction to lives and property.

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WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers

(8a)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Rivers.
(ii) Lakes.
(iii) Rainfall.
(iv) Groundwater.
(v) Springs.
(vi) Oceans and seas.
(vii) Streams.
(viii) Dams and reservoirs.

(8b)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Construction of Dams and Reservoirs: Governments should construct dams and reservoirs to collect and store water during periods of heavy rainfall. The stored water can be used during the dry season for domestic purposes, irrigation and electricity generation.
(ii) Treatment of Water: Water should be treated through filtration, sedimentation, boiling or chlorination to remove impurities and harmful microorganisms. This makes it safer for drinking and other domestic uses.
(iii) Prevention of Water Pollution: Industries and individuals should avoid discharging untreated sewage, chemicals, oil and refuse into rivers, lakes and other water bodies. This helps maintain water quality and protects aquatic organisms.
(iv) Construction of Boreholes and Wells: Boreholes and wells should be constructed to make groundwater available, particularly in areas where surface water is scarce. Proper maintenance and protection of these sources will help ensure a reliable water supply.
(v) Provision of Irrigation Facilities: Irrigation systems such as canals, sprinklers and drip irrigation should be developed to supply water to crops during periods of inadequate rainfall. This improves agricultural production and reduces dependence on rainfall.
(vi) Proper Maintenance of Water Supply Facilities: Water pipes, pumps, treatment plants and storage tanks should be inspected and repaired regularly. This reduces water wastage caused by leakages and ensures a steady supply of water to communities.
(vii) Conservation of Water: People should be encouraged to use water carefully by repairing leaking taps, reusing suitable wastewater and avoiding unnecessary wastage. Water conservation helps preserve supplies for future generations.
(viii) Protection of Watersheds and Catchment Areas: Forests, wetlands and vegetation around rivers, lakes and reservoirs should be protected. This reduces soil erosion, prevents excessive siltation and helps maintain the quantity and quality of water available for human use.

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WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers
WAEC GCE 2026 Geography Practical Answers